Center for Research and Exploration in
Space Science &Technology II (CRESST II)
Overview of CRESST II
The Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology II (CRESST II) is a collaboration between NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) and the University of Maryland, College Park; University of Maryland, Baltimore County; Catholic University of America; Howard University; and Southeastern Universities Research Association. The overall goal of CRESST II is to support and enhance research and technology in the space sciences in support of NASA's strategic science mission objectives. CRESST II also seeks to encourage the engagement of a diverse population of students and Ph.D. scientists in NASA's space science programs.
CRESST II employs, through its partner institutions, approximately one hundred scientists who work on a wide range of space science projects in the GSFC Divisions of Astrophysics Science and Solar System Exploration. CRESST II scientists work directly with NASA scientists to support of operating missions, conduct scientific research, develop instruments, and design future missions. CRESST II provides the unique opportunity to be university research faculty working at a major NASA Center.
CRESST II also provides opportunities for undergraduate and graduate students to become involved in scientific research and instrument development at GSFC. Undergraduate and Graduate students at the partner institutions can have research opportunities during the academic year. CRESST II operates a summer program that brings in students for 10-week research internships. Research opportunities Graduate students at the partner institutions can work on their Ph.D. research at GSFC.
CRESST II Scientist of the month
A CRESST II scientist will be featured here every month
CRESST II Scientist of the month, June 2022 - Dr. Phillip Phipps is a postdoctoral research scientist working for UMBC on Dust Scattering in the Lunar Exosphere field. You can learn more about Dr. Phipps and his work here.
Please check CRESST II Scientist of the Month Archive for CRESST II scientists featured in previous months.
CRESST II Research Highlights
Salts Could Be Important Piece of Martian Organic Puzzle
In our efforts to characterize indigenous Martian organic matter, we must contend with a near-surface record that has been substantially altered by radiation and oxidation. Under such conditions, much of the surficial organic record on Mars may have decomposed into organic salts, which are challenging for flight instruments to conclusively identify. If organic salts are widespread on the Martian surface, their composition and distribution could offer insight into the less-altered organic record at depth and they may play an important role in near-surface carbon cycling and habitability. The organic detection techniques employed by the Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity rover include thermal extraction in combination with mass spectrometry. In this work, we used laboratory thermal extraction techniques analogous to those of the rover to examine organic salts as pure standards, as minor phases in a silica matrix, and in mixtures with O2-evolving perchlorate salts. When we compared our results with flight data, we found that many of the CO2 profiles produced by our organic salt samples were similar to the CO2 evolutions observed by the rover. The best fits with our laboratory data included Martian materials acquired from modern eolian deposits and sedimentary rocks that had evidence for low-temperature alteration.
For more information, check the press release here and read the research paper here .
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A video feature about virtual stars being shredded by a monster black hole
To celebrate Black Hole Friday (11/26), CRESST II science writer Jeanette Kazmierczak (UMCP) and video producer Scott Wiessinger (KBRwyle) put together a video feature about virtual stars being shredded by a monster black hole. It has over 411,000 views on YouTube, Twitter, and Facebook. The story was picked up by Popular Science, Universe Today, and others. The video was based on simulations published by Taeho Ryu, now at the Max Plank Institute for Astrophysics, and NASA Goddard’s Scott Noble. The details can be found at - Watch the video here.
A video feature about virtual stars being shredded by a monster black holeLearn More
A Supernova’s ‘Fizzled’ Gamma-ray Burst
The traditional classification between long and short gamma-ray bursts indicate that the short GRB population is linked to compact binary mergers, however this particular burst GRB200826A was found in association with a late optical excess, only explained by a supernova. This makes this burst the shortest GRB powered by a collapsar ever found, and its short duration suggest it almost failed to produce ultra-relativistic jets. GRB200826A serves as a proof that most collapsars fail to produce a GRB.
University of Maryland Graduate Student and CRESST II scientist, Mr. Tomas Ahumada discovered the first optical
afterglow of a Fermi short gamma-ray burst using the Zwicky Transient Facility. The Zwicky Transient Facility
is an optical telescope system which monitors the night sky for transient astronomical event; University of
Maryland became a partner with Caltech in this facility in the hopes of making this exact type of discovery.
The discovery paper was published in Nature Astronomy on July 26th 2021. See
CRESST II scientist Mr. Rousseau Nutter participated in the delivery of the Cusp Plasma Imaging Detector (CuPID) cubesat.
For the past 2 years Mr. Rousseau Nutter has been working on the CuPID Cubesat. He began his work from the Boston University side of the team and finished his work on the NASA CRESST II side of the team. Mr. Nutter was focused on calibrating the optics and detector to make sure that we would be able to accurately interpret the data CuPID would be sending down into information about the magnetosphere. He also participated in the environmental testing and Day in the Life (DITL) testing to make sure that the cubesat was ready for flight. All of this culminated in Mr. Nutter accompanying CuPID to LA to integrate into the launch vehicles ESPA ring and watch the launch live from Vandenburg Space Force Base.
Click here for more information
The Titan Laboratory
Saturn's moon Titan receives volatiles into the top of its atmosphere - including atomic oxygen - sourced from cryovolcanoes on Enceladus. Similar types of material exchange amongst exoplanets could cause the abiotic formation of biogenic gases such as molecular oxygen and ozone that might otherwise be considered potential biosignatures. And the simultaneous presence of detectable amounts of methane and oxygen or ozone in an atmosphere is considered historically strong evidence for the presence of life. This work simulated the potential false positive for life on TRAPPIST-1 e, using a 1-D photochemical model by treating it as an abiotic, Archean Earth-like planet that receives water and oxygen from space. In these simulations, atmospheric compositions as a function of different rates of infalling material were generated. Synthetic spectral observations were also produced using the Planetary Spectrum Generator to simulate observations using the James Webb Space Telescope, Origins Space Telescope, Habitable Exoplanet Observatory and Large UV/Optical/IR Surveyor to test the detectability of abiotic-generated molecular oxygen and ozone. It was determined that the incoming flux of material needed to trigger a false-positive reading by any of these observatories, in the presence of methane, is at least two orders of magnitude (1e12 molecules/cm^2/s) above what is physically plausible given atmospheric escape considerations.
Learn MorePlease explore our website to learn more about CRESST II, our partner institutions, and the opportunities available through CRESST II.
